Longevity & ImmuneGrade B
SS-31
Also known as Elamipretide
A mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin to restore cristae structure and cellular energy output.
- Regulatory status
- Investigational
- Half-life
- ~2–3 hours
- Route
- Subcutaneous
- Evidence
- Limited human trials or approved outside the US
Mechanism of action
Cardiolipin binding stabilizes the inner mitochondrial membrane and reduces ROS.
Studied and reported uses
- Primary mitochondrial myopathy
- Barth syndrome
- Heart failure research
Dosing information
Trial range4–40 mg daily subcutaneously
Ranges are reported from literature and clinical labeling for reference only. They are not a dosing recommendation.
Side effects
- Injection-site reactions
- Headache
Research evidence
MMPOWER-3
Primary endpoint missed; subgroup functional benefits.